About therapists
Therapist is the everyday word for a professional who offers talking therapy: depending on the country it can be a psychologist, a psychotherapist, a licensed counsellor, a marriage and family therapist or a clinical social worker. Profiles show each therapist’s actual title, training and registration.
Getting mental health care in Bosnia & Herzegovina
Public health system · Entity public health systems (Federation of BiH, Republika Srpska, Brčko District)
Public mental health care is delivered through a network of community mental health centres (centri za mentalno zdravlje), usually attached to primary health care centres, together with family medicine teams. Teams typically include a psychiatrist, a psychologist, a nurse and a social worker. Services are paid for by the mandatory health insurance funds, which are organised separately in each entity.
How to check that a professional is licensed
- Medical chambers (Ljekarska komora in the Federation of BiH; Komora doktora medicine in Republika Srpska). In the Federation of BiH, doctors must register with the competent medical chamber and may practise independently only within the specialty named on their chamber licence. In Republika Srpska, the Komora doktora medicine keeps a record of its members.
- No statutory regulator yet (Federation of BiH draft law on psychologists). A law to regulate the work of psychologists in the Federation of BiH was still a draft in public consultation in mid-2025. Ask about the psychologist's degree and supervised clinical training.
Urgent help in Bosnia & Herzegovina
If your life or someone else's is in danger, call the emergency number now. These services can help at any time:
- 124 · Ambulancia (Hitna pomoć)
Information reviewed in November 2026 · Sources: pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, mz.ks.gov.ba, paragraf.ba, paragraf.ba
What does a therapist do?
A therapist helps you talk through what is worrying you and find practical ways to feel and cope better. In sessions they listen, ask questions, help you notice patterns in your thoughts, emotions and relationships, and agree goals with you. Depending on their training they may use cognitive-behavioural, humanistic, systemic, psychodynamic or other evidence-based approaches, with individuals, couples, families or groups.
When to see a therapist
It makes sense to look for a therapist when stress, anxiety, low mood, grief, relationship problems, a difficult change or the effects of past experiences start to weigh on your daily life, or when you simply want space to understand yourself better. If symptoms are severe, you may need medication or there are signs of a medical cause, involve your doctor or a psychiatrist as well.
How is it different from other professionals?
Therapist is a broad, everyday term rather than a single qualification. A psychologist holds a university degree in psychology; a psychotherapist has specific training in a therapy model; counsellors, marriage and family therapists and clinical social workers are licensed for talking therapy in many places. A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who can prescribe medication. What matters is the therapist’s actual licence and experience with your concern.
What happens in the first session
The first session is mostly a conversation: what brings you, since when, how it affects your life and what you would like to change. The therapist will explain how they work, how often you would meet, confidentiality and fees. It is a good moment to ask about their licence, their approach and their experience with your concern, and to notice whether you feel comfortable with them.
How long does the process take?
Sessions usually last 45 to 60 minutes, often weekly at first and then less frequently as things improve. Focused difficulties can improve in a few months, while long-standing patterns may take longer. Your therapist should review progress with you regularly and agree when to change the frequency or finish.
Online or in person?
Online therapy works well for many people with stress, anxiety, low mood or relationship worries, and makes it easier to find a therapist who speaks your language or shares your culture. You need a private space and a stable connection, and the therapist must be licensed to practise where you live. In-person sessions may be better for young children, some assessments or situations of risk.
How to check their qualifications
Because therapist is an everyday word, it is worth checking which professional title the person actually holds (psychologist, psychotherapist, licensed counsellor, marriage and family therapist, clinical social worker…) and that they are registered with the licensing body for that title where you live. Ask for their licence or registration number and check it in the public register when one exists.
What affects the price?
Fees vary with the therapist’s title and experience, the city or country, online or in-person sessions and session length. Couples and family sessions usually cost more. Some therapists offer sliding-scale fees or a free first call; ask about cancellation policy, receipts for insurance and whether a public scheme or your health insurance could cover part of the cost.
How to choose
When choosing, check the licence and training, the approach they use and whether they have experience with what you need. Consider practical aspects too: language, price, location or online sessions and availability. The relationship with the professional matters a great deal; if after a few sessions it does not feel right, it is fine to change.
Frequently asked questions
Does the public health system in Bosnia & Herzegovina cover psychological care?
Public mental health care is delivered through a network of community mental health centres (centri za mentalno zdravlje), usually attached to primary health care centres, together with family medicine teams. Teams typically include a psychiatrist, a psychologist, a nurse and a social worker. Services are paid for by the mandatory health insurance funds, which are organised separately in each entity.
How do I check that a therapist is licensed in Bosnia & Herzegovina?
Medical chambers (Ljekarska komora in the Federation of BiH; Komora doktora medicine in Republika Srpska): In the Federation of BiH, doctors must register with the competent medical chamber and may practise independently only within the specialty named on their chamber licence. In Republika Srpska, the Komora doktora medicine keeps a record of its members.