About older adults
Psychological support for older adults addresses loneliness, grief, adapting to retirement or illness, memory concerns and caring for a partner. Many professionals also offer sessions at home or online.
Neuropsychologists assess and rehabilitate memory, attention, language and other cognitive functions after brain injury, stroke or in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions.
Getting mental health care in Estonia
Public health system · Tervisekassa (Estonian Health Insurance Fund)
Insured people can see a psychiatrist free of charge at a Tervisekassa contract partner, and clinical psychologist visits and psychotherapy are covered with a family doctor's or specialist's referral. Availability of contracted clinical psychologists varies by county and waiting lists can be long. More information
How to check that a professional is licensed
- Eesti Psühholoogide Liit (Estonian Union of Psychologists), occupational qualification register. The general title psychologist is not protected. Clinical psychologists hold a professional qualification certificate (kliiniline psühholoog, tase 7, with specialisations such as clinical psychologist-psychotherapist or neuropsychologist) recorded in the national occupational qualifications register; check the certificate there.
Insurance and coverage
Statutory health insurance covers psychiatric care and referred clinical psychology or psychotherapy at contracted providers; private sessions without referral are paid out of pocket.
Urgent help in Estonia
If your life or someone else's is in danger, call the emergency number now. These services can help at any time:
- 112 · Emergencias
- 116 123 · Emotsionaalse toe ja hingehoiu telefon
- 655 8088 · Eluliin
Information reviewed in November 2026 · Sources: terviseamet.ee, tervisekassa.ee
Signs to look out for
Ageing brings changes, but persistent sadness, loss of interest, anxiety, withdrawal or irritability are not an inevitable part of getting older. It may be worth seeking help after losses such as bereavement, retirement or loss of independence, when loneliness is weighing heavily, or when there are noticeable changes in memory, orientation or behaviour that worry the person or their family.
What helps: treatments and professionals
Psychological therapies such as cognitive-behavioural therapy, problem-solving therapy and reminiscence or life-review therapy are effective for older adults with depression or anxiety. Neuropsychologists assess memory concerns and design cognitive stimulation. Psychologists, psychiatrists with experience in older people, occupational therapists and social workers often work together, and family carers can also receive support and guidance.
When to seek urgent help
Sudden confusion, drowsiness, difficulty speaking, weakness on one side or a fall with injury need immediate medical attention: contact your local emergency services. Seek urgent help too if an older person expresses thoughts of suicide, stops eating or drinking, or if you suspect abuse or neglect. Reviewing medication with a doctor is important when behaviour changes.
What you can do in the meantime
Staying connected matters: regular contact with family, friends, neighbours or community groups helps protect mood. Keep routines with daily activity, walks, meals and sleep, and continue hobbies or learn new ones. Check hearing and vision, since difficulties can increase isolation. Carers should also look after themselves and ask for help, as caring can be exhausting.
What does a neuropsychologist do?
A neuropsychologist studies how the brain relates to thinking and behaviour. Day to day they carry out detailed assessments of memory, attention, language, planning and other cognitive functions using standardised tests, write reports, and design rehabilitation or stimulation programmes. They work with people after a stroke or brain injury, with neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental conditions, and with their families and medical teams.
When to see a neuropsychologist
A neuropsychologist can help when there are noticeable changes in memory, concentration, language or behaviour, after a head injury or stroke, with concerns about cognitive decline, or to clarify learning or attention difficulties. They are also useful to plan rehabilitation and adapt daily life. If the concern is mainly emotional, a psychologist may fit better; medical causes need a neurologist.
How to choose
When choosing, check the licence and training, the approach they use and whether they have experience with what you need. Consider practical aspects too: language, price, location or online sessions and availability. The relationship with the professional matters a great deal; if after a few sessions it does not feel right, it is fine to change.
Frequently asked questions
Does the public health system in Estonia cover psychological care?
Insured people can see a psychiatrist free of charge at a Tervisekassa contract partner, and clinical psychologist visits and psychotherapy are covered with a family doctor's or specialist's referral. Availability of contracted clinical psychologists varies by county and waiting lists can be long.
How do I check that a neuropsychologist is licensed in Estonia?
Eesti Psühholoogide Liit (Estonian Union of Psychologists), occupational qualification register: The general title psychologist is not protected. Clinical psychologists hold a professional qualification certificate (kliiniline psühholoog, tase 7, with specialisations such as clinical psychologist-psychotherapist or neuropsychologist) recorded in the national occupational qualifications register; check the certificate there.