About addiction
Addictions to substances or behaviours such as gambling, gaming or the internet involve loss of control and continuing despite harm. Treatment usually combines psychological therapy, relapse prevention and, in some cases, medical care. Professionals with experience in addictions can coordinate with specialised services.
Clinical psychologists are psychologists with specialist training in assessing, diagnosing and treating mental health problems, from anxiety and depression to more complex conditions. In some countries it is a regulated health specialty; Therapy247 checks the registration.
Getting mental health care in Ethiopia
Public health system · Federal Ministry of Health public health system
St. Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa is the country's oldest and largest mental health provider, with psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. The Ministry of Health is expanding mental health services to public hospitals and health centres, but many facilities still do not offer them and access in rural areas is very limited. More information
How to check that a professional is licensed
- Ministry of Health, Health and Health-related Institutions and Professionals Regulatory Lead Executive Office. Health professionals are licensed by the Ministry of Health, which runs the national licensing examination for health professions. Ask for the practitioner's Ministry of Health professional licence.
Urgent help in Ethiopia
If your life or someone else's is in danger, call the emergency number now. These services can help at any time:
- 991 · Federal Police
Information reviewed in November 2026 · Sources: moh.gov.et, afro.who.int, ethiopianbusinessreview.net, moh.gov.et
Signs to look out for
An addiction may be developing when you find it hard to control how much or how often you use a substance or engage in a behaviour such as gambling, gaming, shopping or online use; when you keep going despite problems with health, money, work or relationships; when you need more to get the same effect; or when you feel restless or unwell when you stop.
What helps: treatments and professionals
Effective approaches include cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing, relapse-prevention programmes, contingency management and, for young people, family-based therapy. Psychologists and clinical psychologists with addiction experience, psychiatrists and specialised addiction services usually work together. For some substances, medically supervised treatment is needed. Mutual-help groups can complement professional care for many people.
When to seek urgent help
Contact your local emergency services immediately in case of a suspected overdose, loss of consciousness, difficulty breathing, seizures, chest pain or confusion. Seek urgent help too if there are thoughts of suicide or harming others. Stopping some substances suddenly after heavy use can be dangerous, so talk to a doctor before quitting.
What you can do in the meantime
Be honest with yourself about how often and why you use, and notice the situations, emotions and people that trigger it. Tell someone you trust and consider removing easy access, such as blocking betting apps or limiting cash. Fill your time with activities that do not involve the substance or behaviour. Lapses can happen; they are a signal to seek support, not a failure.
What does a clinical psychologist do?
A clinical psychologist assesses, diagnoses and treats mental health problems in children, adults or older people. Day to day they conduct clinical interviews, use validated questionnaires and tests, formulate what keeps the problem going, and deliver evidence-based therapies. They often work in hospitals, community mental health teams or private practice, and coordinate with psychiatrists, family doctors and social services.
When to see a clinical psychologist
A clinical psychologist is a good choice for moderate to severe or persistent difficulties: anxiety disorders, depression, obsessive-compulsive problems, trauma, eating disorders, personality difficulties, or when a formal diagnosis or report is needed. If medication may be needed or there is a risk to safety, a psychiatrist should also be involved. For coaching or personal growth, other professionals may fit better.
How to choose
When choosing, check the licence and training, the approach they use and whether they have experience with what you need. Consider practical aspects too: language, price, location or online sessions and availability. The relationship with the professional matters a great deal; if after a few sessions it does not feel right, it is fine to change.
Frequently asked questions
Does the public health system in Ethiopia cover psychological care?
St. Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa is the country's oldest and largest mental health provider, with psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. The Ministry of Health is expanding mental health services to public hospitals and health centres, but many facilities still do not offer them and access in rural areas is very limited.
How do I check that a clinical psychologist is licensed in Ethiopia?
Ministry of Health, Health and Health-related Institutions and Professionals Regulatory Lead Executive Office: Health professionals are licensed by the Ministry of Health, which runs the national licensing examination for health professions. Ask for the practitioner's Ministry of Health professional licence.