About ADHD
ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) affects attention, impulsivity and activity in children and adults. Diagnosis requires a thorough assessment, often by a psychiatrist, neuropsychologist or specialised psychologist. Treatment may include psychoeducation, behavioural strategies, support at school or work and, if appropriate, medication.
Psychotherapists are professionals trained in one or more models of psychotherapy (psychodynamic, systemic, humanistic, cognitive-behavioural…). The protected title and requirements vary by country; profiles show each professional’s training and registration.
Getting mental health care in Eswatini
Public health system · Ministry of Health public services (National Psychiatric Referral Hospital, Manzini)
The National Psychiatric Referral Hospital in Manzini is the country's main public mental health facility. In 2024 it was overcrowded, with a single psychologist, so many patients needing psychotherapy did not receive it. A UN Women statement notes that access to mental health services is limited and that quality care comes at a cost.
How to check that a professional is licensed
- Eswatini Medical and Dental Council. Under the Medical and Dental Practitioners Act 1970, it is an offence to practise as a medical practitioner without registration with the Council. The Council keeps the register of medical practitioners.
Urgent help in Eswatini
If your life or someone else's is in danger, call the emergency number now. These services can help at any time:
- 977 · Ambulance
Information reviewed in November 2026 · Sources: ecoi.net, extranet.who.int
Signs to look out for
Everyone gets distracted at times. ADHD may be worth assessing when difficulties with attention, organisation, impulsivity or restlessness have been present since childhood, appear in different settings such as school, work and home, and cause real problems: unfinished tasks, frequent lost items, forgetting appointments, acting without thinking, or feeling constantly restless. In adults it is often unrecognised for years.
What helps: treatments and professionals
Diagnosis requires a careful assessment by a qualified professional, such as a psychiatrist, clinical psychologist, neuropsychologist or paediatrician, depending on age and country. Treatment may combine psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for organisation and emotional regulation, parent training for children, school adaptations, and medication prescribed and monitored by a doctor when appropriate. Educational psychologists and psychopedagogues support learning.
When to seek urgent help
ADHD itself is not an emergency, but impulsivity can increase risks. Contact your local emergency services after a serious accident or injury, or if someone has thoughts of suicide or harming others. Seek prompt medical advice for any worrying side effects of medication, such as chest pain or palpitations, and do not change medication without talking to the prescribing doctor.
What you can do in the meantime
External structure helps: use calendars, alarms, lists and visible reminders, and break tasks into small steps with short breaks. Regular sleep, physical activity and meals support attention. Reduce distractions in your work or study space. For children, clear routines, specific praise and calm, consistent limits help. Look for reliable information from health organisations rather than social media alone.
What does a psychotherapist do?
A psychotherapist helps people understand and change emotional, relational and behavioural patterns through a structured therapeutic relationship. Their work is shaped by one or more models, such as cognitive-behavioural, psychodynamic, systemic, humanistic or integrative therapy. They meet individuals, couples, families or groups, usually in regular sessions, and spend time outside sessions on notes, preparation and their own supervision.
When to see a psychotherapist
Psychotherapy suits people who want to work in depth on recurring difficulties: anxiety, low mood, relationship patterns, self-esteem, the effects of past experiences or major life transitions. It can also help when you feel stuck without a clear diagnosis. If you need a formal diagnosis, a specific psychological assessment or medication, a clinical psychologist or psychiatrist may need to be involved.
How to choose
When choosing, check the licence and training, the approach they use and whether they have experience with what you need. Consider practical aspects too: language, price, location or online sessions and availability. The relationship with the professional matters a great deal; if after a few sessions it does not feel right, it is fine to change.
Frequently asked questions
Does the public health system in Eswatini cover psychological care?
The National Psychiatric Referral Hospital in Manzini is the country's main public mental health facility. In 2024 it was overcrowded, with a single psychologist, so many patients needing psychotherapy did not receive it. A UN Women statement notes that access to mental health services is limited and that quality care comes at a cost.
How do I check that a psychotherapist is licensed in Eswatini?
Eswatini Medical and Dental Council: Under the Medical and Dental Practitioners Act 1970, it is an offence to practise as a medical practitioner without registration with the Council. The Council keeps the register of medical practitioners.